To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Aim: - To analyse the given sample of salt for detection of one acidic and one basic radical

Observation table-

A) Detection of acidic  radical(anion)

S.N.	EXPERIMENT	OBSERVATION	INFERENCE
1	Salt + Dil. H2SO4	No gas evolves	SO44-group is absent
2.	Salt + Con. H2SO4	Colourless gas with pungent smell evolves	Chloride (Cl-) may be present
3.	Confirmatory test for chloride: (a)  Salt + Dil. HNO3 + AgNO3 solution   (b)  Chromyl  chloride test:- ·      Salt + K2Cr2O7 + Conc. H2SO4 + warm   ·      Pass the vapours through NaOH solution ·      Add lead acetate and dil. Acetic acid to yellow solution
		White ppt soluble in	Chloride (Cl-) is
		ammonia solution	confirmed
		Red colour vapors evolves	Chloride (Cl-) may be
		Solution turns
		yellow	Chloride (Cl-) is
		Yellow precipitate is	confirmed
		formed

 

Detection of basic radical(cation)

S.N.	EXPERIMENT	OBSERVATION	INFERENCE
1	Salt + NaOH solution + heat	Colourless gas with ammonical smell evolves	Zero group is present NH4+ may be present
2.	Confirmatory test of  NH4+ :- (a)  put glass rod dipped in conc. HCl acid on the mouth of test tube (b)  Salt + conc. NaOH + Nessler reagent + Warm	Dense white fumes generate around glass rod Brown solution	NH4+ may be Confirmed  NH4+  is Confirmed

Result: in given sample of salt on acidic radical chloride (Cl^-) and one basic radical ammonium (NH4+) are present.