To identify the functional group in the given organic compound

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

Material Required : Test tube, test tube stand, test tube holder, dropper, litmus solution, 2,4 DNP, dil HCl, NaOH, reagent, Fehling solution, Schiff reagent.

Physical Properties:

State: liquid 

Color: colourless 

Odor: Pungent

Water solubility: soluble in water

Flammability: Burn with non-sooty flame (Aliphatic) 

Preliminary test :

S.N.	Experiment	Observation	Inference
1.	Litmus test: Organic compound + 2 drops of litmus solution.	No change	-COOH or phenolic (–OH) is present
2.	Organic compound + dil. HCl + NaOH	No ppt or oily layer	-NH2 group is absent.
3.	Organic compound + 2 ml of 2,4-DNP shake it and allow to stand	Orange-red ppt	Carbonyl group is present Aldehyde or ketonic group may be present

Confirmatory test :

S.N.	Experiment	Observation	Inference
1.	Schiff's solution test: Organic compound + 2 ml of Schiff's reagent.	Pink color Obtained	-CHO group present
2.	Fehling’s solution test: Organic compound + Fehling’s solution (A + B) + boil in a water bath	Red ppt.	-CHO group present

 

Result: Given organic compound contains aldehydic grp. (- CHO)