Popular Chemistry Online: To identify the functional group in the given organic compound

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Sunday, October 23, 2022

To identify the functional group in the given organic compound

Aim : To identify the functional group in the given organic compound.

Material Required: Test-tube, test-tube stand, test tube holder, dropper, litmus solution, 2,4 DNP, dil. HCl, NaOH, sodium, nitroprusside, meta dinitro benzene.

Physical Properties:

State: liquid 

Color: colourless

Odor: Nail paint remover like smell 

Water solubility: soluble in water

Flammability: Burn with non-sooty flame (Aliphatic) 

Preliminary test :

S.N.

Experiment

Observation

Inference

1.

Litmus test: Organic compound + 2

drops of litmus solution.

No change

-COOH or phenolic

  may present

2.

Organic compound + dil. HCl + NaOH

No ppt or oily layer

-NH2 group is absent.


3.

Organic compound + 2 ml of 2,4-DNP shake it and allow to stand

Orange-red ppt

Carbonyl group is present

Aldehyde or ketonic

group may be present

Confirmatory test :

S.N.

Experiment

Observation

Inference

1.

Organic compound + sodium

nitroprusside + 2 – 3 drops of NaOH and shake.

Red color or wine- red color

>C=O group present

2.

Organic compound + Meta

dinitrobenzene + NaOH

Violet  color which

fades  on standing.

>C=O group present

 

Result: Given organic compound contains Ketonic grp. (>C=O)

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